Settlement of Circular Footing under Earthquake Load in Sandy Soil Treated with Steel Slag

Abstract

This research studies the effect of treating sandy soil with steel slag under seismic action (El Centro, Kobe) because of the present increase in seismic effectiveness and going to minimize damage of the foundations by excessive settlement. Steel slag was added to sandy soil with three percentages (3%, 6%, and 9%) and compacted with a relative density of 56%, and 77%. The prepared soil samples were tested on a shaking table (vibrating table). Settlement occurs due to dynamic force. A circular foundation with a diameter of 100 mm and a thickness of 40 mm was used, and the applied load was constant at 3.81kg. When the earthquake accelerates more, it results in increased settlement of the circular foundation based on sandy soil, in a dry or saturated state. The settlement of the foundation increases when subjected to the El Centro and Kobe earthquakes. In addition, increasing the mixing ratios and relative density decreases the settlement of the foundation subjected to earthquake. As the mixing ratio increased to 9%, the settlement ratio decreased. In the dry state, the settlement decreased by (37.42% and 36.77%) at a relative density of 56% for the El Centro and Kobe respectively. At a relative density of 77%, the settlement rate decreased by (39.31% and 39.89%), respectively. In the saturated state, the settlement decreased by (28.05% and 22.92%) at a relative density of 56% for the El Centro and Kobe respectively. At a relative density of 77%, the settlement rate decreased by (31.87% and 25.17%) for the El Centro and Kobe respectively. The settlement for the saturated state was twice that for the dry state.